wifi_component.h

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#pragma once
 
#include "esphome/core/defines.h"
#ifdef USE_WIFI
#include "esphome/components/network/ip_address.h"
#include "esphome/core/automation.h"
#include "esphome/core/component.h"
#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 
#include <string>
#include <vector>
 
#ifdef USE_ESP32_FRAMEWORK_ARDUINO
#include <WiFi.h>
#include <WiFiType.h>
#include <esp_wifi.h>
#endif
 
#ifdef USE_LIBRETINY
#include <WiFi.h>
#endif
 
#if defined(USE_ESP32) && defined(USE_WIFI_WPA2_EAP)
#if (ESP_IDF_VERSION_MAJOR >= 5) && (ESP_IDF_VERSION_MINOR >= 1)
#include <esp_eap_client.h>
#else
#include <esp_wpa2.h>
#endif
#endif
 
#ifdef USE_ESP8266
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <ESP8266WiFiType.h>
 
#if defined(USE_ESP8266) && USE_ARDUINO_VERSION_CODE < VERSION_CODE(2, 4, 0)
extern "C" {
#include <user_interface.h>
};
#endif
#endif
 
#ifdef USE_RP2040
extern "C" {
#include "cyw43.h"
#include "cyw43_country.h"
#include "pico/cyw43_arch.h"
}
 
#include <WiFi.h>
#endif
 
namespace esphome {
namespace wifi {
 
static constexpr int8_t WIFI_RSSI_DISCONNECTED = -127;
 
struct SavedWifiSettings {
  char ssid[33];
  char password[65];
} PACKED;  // NOLINT
 
struct SavedWifiFastConnectSettings {
  uint8_t bssid[6];
  uint8_t channel;
  int8_t ap_index;
} PACKED;  // NOLINT
 
enum WiFiComponentState : uint8_t {
  WIFI_COMPONENT_STATE_OFF = 0,
  WIFI_COMPONENT_STATE_DISABLED,
  WIFI_COMPONENT_STATE_COOLDOWN,
  WIFI_COMPONENT_STATE_STA_SCANNING,
  WIFI_COMPONENT_STATE_STA_CONNECTING,
  WIFI_COMPONENT_STATE_STA_CONNECTED,
  WIFI_COMPONENT_STATE_AP,
};
 
enum class WiFiSTAConnectStatus : int {
  IDLE,
  CONNECTING,
  CONNECTED,
  ERROR_NETWORK_NOT_FOUND,
  ERROR_CONNECT_FAILED,
};
 
enum class WiFiRetryPhase : uint8_t {
  INITIAL_CONNECT,
#ifdef USE_WIFI_FAST_CONNECT
  FAST_CONNECT_CYCLING_APS,
#endif
  EXPLICIT_HIDDEN,
  SCAN_CONNECTING,
  RETRY_HIDDEN,
  RESTARTING_ADAPTER,
};
 
struct ManualIP {
  network::IPAddress static_ip;
  network::IPAddress gateway;
  network::IPAddress subnet;
  network::IPAddress dns1;  
  network::IPAddress dns2;  
};
 
#ifdef USE_WIFI_WPA2_EAP
struct EAPAuth {
  std::string identity;  // required for all auth types
  std::string username;
  std::string password;
  const char *ca_cert;  // optionally verify authentication server
  // used for EAP-TLS
  const char *client_cert;
  const char *client_key;
// used for EAP-TTLS
#ifdef USE_ESP32
  esp_eap_ttls_phase2_types ttls_phase_2;
#endif
};
#endif  // USE_WIFI_WPA2_EAP
 
using bssid_t = std::array<uint8_t, 6>;
 
// Use std::vector for RP2040 since scan count is unknown (callback-based)
// Use FixedVector for other platforms where count is queried first
#ifdef USE_RP2040
template<typename T> using wifi_scan_vector_t = std::vector<T>;
#else
template<typename T> using wifi_scan_vector_t = FixedVector<T>;
#endif
 
class WiFiAP {
 public:
  void set_ssid(const std::string &ssid);
  void set_bssid(bssid_t bssid);
  void set_bssid(optional<bssid_t> bssid);
  void set_password(const std::string &password);
#ifdef USE_WIFI_WPA2_EAP
  void set_eap(optional<EAPAuth> eap_auth);
#endif  // USE_WIFI_WPA2_EAP
  void set_channel(optional<uint8_t> channel);
  void set_priority(int8_t priority) { priority_ = priority; }
#ifdef USE_WIFI_MANUAL_IP
  void set_manual_ip(optional<ManualIP> manual_ip);
#endif
  void set_hidden(bool hidden);
  const std::string &get_ssid() const;
  const optional<bssid_t> &get_bssid() const;
  const std::string &get_password() const;
#ifdef USE_WIFI_WPA2_EAP
  const optional<EAPAuth> &get_eap() const;
#endif  // USE_WIFI_WPA2_EAP
  const optional<uint8_t> &get_channel() const;
  int8_t get_priority() const { return priority_; }
#ifdef USE_WIFI_MANUAL_IP
  const optional<ManualIP> &get_manual_ip() const;
#endif
  bool get_hidden() const;
 
 protected:
  std::string ssid_;
  std::string password_;
  optional<bssid_t> bssid_;
#ifdef USE_WIFI_WPA2_EAP
  optional<EAPAuth> eap_;
#endif  // USE_WIFI_WPA2_EAP
#ifdef USE_WIFI_MANUAL_IP
  optional<ManualIP> manual_ip_;
#endif
  optional<uint8_t> channel_;
  int8_t priority_{0};
  bool hidden_{false};
};
 
class WiFiScanResult {
 public:
  WiFiScanResult(const bssid_t &bssid, std::string ssid, uint8_t channel, int8_t rssi, bool with_auth, bool is_hidden);
 
  bool matches(const WiFiAP &config) const;
 
  bool get_matches() const;
  void set_matches(bool matches);
  const bssid_t &get_bssid() const;
  const std::string &get_ssid() const;
  uint8_t get_channel() const;
  int8_t get_rssi() const;
  bool get_with_auth() const;
  bool get_is_hidden() const;
  int8_t get_priority() const { return priority_; }
  void set_priority(int8_t priority) { priority_ = priority; }
 
  bool operator==(const WiFiScanResult &rhs) const;
 
 protected:
  bssid_t bssid_;
  uint8_t channel_;
  int8_t rssi_;
  std::string ssid_;
  int8_t priority_{0};
  bool matches_{false};
  bool with_auth_;
  bool is_hidden_;
};
 
struct WiFiSTAPriority {
  bssid_t bssid;
  int8_t priority;
};
 
enum WiFiPowerSaveMode : uint8_t {
  WIFI_POWER_SAVE_NONE = 0,
  WIFI_POWER_SAVE_LIGHT,
  WIFI_POWER_SAVE_HIGH,
};
 
enum WifiMinAuthMode : uint8_t {
  WIFI_MIN_AUTH_MODE_WPA = 0,
  WIFI_MIN_AUTH_MODE_WPA2,
  WIFI_MIN_AUTH_MODE_WPA3,
};
 
#ifdef USE_ESP32
struct IDFWiFiEvent;
#endif
 
class WiFiComponent : public Component {
 public:
  WiFiComponent();
 
  void set_sta(const WiFiAP &ap);
  // Returns a copy of the currently selected AP configuration
  WiFiAP get_sta() const;
  void init_sta(size_t count);
  void add_sta(const WiFiAP &ap);
  void clear_sta() {
    this->sta_.clear();
    this->selected_sta_index_ = -1;
  }
 
#ifdef USE_WIFI_AP
  void set_ap(const WiFiAP &ap);
  WiFiAP get_ap() { return this->ap_; }
  void set_ap_timeout(uint32_t ap_timeout) { ap_timeout_ = ap_timeout; }
#endif  // USE_WIFI_AP
 
  void enable();
  void disable();
  bool is_disabled();
  void start_scanning();
  void check_scanning_finished();
  void start_connecting(const WiFiAP &ap);
  // Backward compatibility overload - ignores 'two' parameter
  void start_connecting(const WiFiAP &ap, bool /* two */) { this->start_connecting(ap); }
 
  void check_connecting_finished();
 
  void retry_connect();
 
  void set_reboot_timeout(uint32_t reboot_timeout);
 
  bool is_connected();
 
  void set_power_save_mode(WiFiPowerSaveMode power_save);
  void set_min_auth_mode(WifiMinAuthMode min_auth_mode) { min_auth_mode_ = min_auth_mode; }
  void set_output_power(float output_power) { output_power_ = output_power; }
 
  void set_passive_scan(bool passive);
 
  void save_wifi_sta(const std::string &ssid, const std::string &password);
 
  // ========== INTERNAL METHODS ==========
  // (In most use cases you won't need these)
  void setup() override;
  void start();
  void dump_config() override;
  void restart_adapter();
  float get_setup_priority() const override;
  float get_loop_priority() const override;
 
  void loop() override;
 
  bool has_sta() const;
  bool has_ap() const;
 
#ifdef USE_WIFI_11KV_SUPPORT
  void set_btm(bool btm);
  void set_rrm(bool rrm);
#endif
 
  network::IPAddress get_dns_address(int num);
  network::IPAddresses get_ip_addresses();
  const char *get_use_address() const;
  void set_use_address(const char *use_address);
 
  const wifi_scan_vector_t<WiFiScanResult> &get_scan_result() const { return scan_result_; }
 
  network::IPAddress wifi_soft_ap_ip();
 
  bool has_sta_priority(const bssid_t &bssid) {
    for (auto &it : this->sta_priorities_) {
      if (it.bssid == bssid)
        return true;
    }
    return false;
  }
  int8_t get_sta_priority(const bssid_t bssid) {
    for (auto &it : this->sta_priorities_) {
      if (it.bssid == bssid)
        return it.priority;
    }
    return 0;
  }
  void set_sta_priority(const bssid_t bssid, int8_t priority) {
    for (auto &it : this->sta_priorities_) {
      if (it.bssid == bssid) {
        it.priority = priority;
        return;
      }
    }
    this->sta_priorities_.push_back(WiFiSTAPriority{
        .bssid = bssid,
        .priority = priority,
    });
  }
 
  network::IPAddresses wifi_sta_ip_addresses();
  std::string wifi_ssid();
  bssid_t wifi_bssid();
 
  int8_t wifi_rssi();
 
  void set_enable_on_boot(bool enable_on_boot) { this->enable_on_boot_ = enable_on_boot; }
  void set_keep_scan_results(bool keep_scan_results) { this->keep_scan_results_ = keep_scan_results; }
 
  Trigger<> *get_connect_trigger() const { return this->connect_trigger_; };
  Trigger<> *get_disconnect_trigger() const { return this->disconnect_trigger_; };
 
  int32_t get_wifi_channel();
 
 protected:
#ifdef USE_WIFI_AP
  void setup_ap_config_();
#endif  // USE_WIFI_AP
 
  void print_connect_params_();
  WiFiAP build_params_for_current_phase_();
 
  WiFiRetryPhase determine_next_phase_();
  bool transition_to_phase_(WiFiRetryPhase new_phase);
  bool needs_scan_results_() const;
  bool went_through_explicit_hidden_phase_() const;
  int8_t find_first_non_hidden_index_() const;
  bool ssid_was_seen_in_scan_(const std::string &ssid) const;
  int8_t find_next_hidden_sta_(int8_t start_index);
  void log_and_adjust_priority_for_failed_connect_();
  void clear_priorities_if_all_min_();
  void advance_to_next_target_or_increment_retry_();
  void start_initial_connection_();
  const WiFiAP *get_selected_sta_() const {
    if (this->selected_sta_index_ >= 0 && static_cast<size_t>(this->selected_sta_index_) < this->sta_.size()) {
      return &this->sta_[this->selected_sta_index_];
    }
    return nullptr;
  }
 
  void reset_selected_ap_to_first_if_invalid_() {
    if (this->selected_sta_index_ < 0 || static_cast<size_t>(this->selected_sta_index_) >= this->sta_.size()) {
      this->selected_sta_index_ = this->sta_.empty() ? -1 : 0;
    }
  }
 
  bool all_networks_hidden_() const {
    if (this->sta_.empty())
      return false;
    for (const auto &ap : this->sta_) {
      if (!ap.get_hidden())
        return false;
    }
    return true;
  }
 
  void connect_soon_();
 
  void wifi_loop_();
  bool wifi_mode_(optional<bool> sta, optional<bool> ap);
  bool wifi_sta_pre_setup_();
  bool wifi_apply_output_power_(float output_power);
  bool wifi_apply_power_save_();
  bool wifi_sta_ip_config_(optional<ManualIP> manual_ip);
  bool wifi_apply_hostname_();
  bool wifi_sta_connect_(const WiFiAP &ap);
  void wifi_pre_setup_();
  WiFiSTAConnectStatus wifi_sta_connect_status_();
  bool wifi_scan_start_(bool passive);
 
#ifdef USE_WIFI_AP
  bool wifi_ap_ip_config_(optional<ManualIP> manual_ip);
  bool wifi_start_ap_(const WiFiAP &ap);
#endif  // USE_WIFI_AP
 
  bool wifi_disconnect_();
 
  network::IPAddress wifi_subnet_mask_();
  network::IPAddress wifi_gateway_ip_();
  network::IPAddress wifi_dns_ip_(int num);
 
  bool is_captive_portal_active_();
  bool is_esp32_improv_active_();
 
#ifdef USE_WIFI_FAST_CONNECT
  bool load_fast_connect_settings_(WiFiAP &params);
  void save_fast_connect_settings_();
#endif
 
#ifdef USE_ESP8266
  static void wifi_event_callback(System_Event_t *event);
  void wifi_scan_done_callback_(void *arg, STATUS status);
  static void s_wifi_scan_done_callback(void *arg, STATUS status);
#endif
 
#ifdef USE_ESP32_FRAMEWORK_ARDUINO
  void wifi_event_callback_(arduino_event_id_t event, arduino_event_info_t info);
  void wifi_scan_done_callback_();
#endif
#ifdef USE_ESP32
  void wifi_process_event_(IDFWiFiEvent *data);
#endif
 
#ifdef USE_RP2040
  static int s_wifi_scan_result(void *env, const cyw43_ev_scan_result_t *result);
  void wifi_scan_result(void *env, const cyw43_ev_scan_result_t *result);
#endif
 
#ifdef USE_LIBRETINY
  void wifi_event_callback_(arduino_event_id_t event, arduino_event_info_t info);
  void wifi_scan_done_callback_();
#endif
 
  FixedVector<WiFiAP> sta_;
  std::vector<WiFiSTAPriority> sta_priorities_;
  wifi_scan_vector_t<WiFiScanResult> scan_result_;
#ifdef USE_WIFI_AP
  WiFiAP ap_;
#endif
  optional<float> output_power_;
  ESPPreferenceObject pref_;
#ifdef USE_WIFI_FAST_CONNECT
  ESPPreferenceObject fast_connect_pref_;
#endif
 
  // Group all 32-bit integers together
  uint32_t action_started_;
  uint32_t last_connected_{0};
  uint32_t reboot_timeout_{};
#ifdef USE_WIFI_AP
  uint32_t ap_timeout_{};
#endif
 
  // Group all 8-bit values together
  WiFiComponentState state_{WIFI_COMPONENT_STATE_OFF};
  WiFiPowerSaveMode power_save_{WIFI_POWER_SAVE_NONE};
  WifiMinAuthMode min_auth_mode_{WIFI_MIN_AUTH_MODE_WPA2};
  WiFiRetryPhase retry_phase_{WiFiRetryPhase::INITIAL_CONNECT};
  uint8_t num_retried_{0};
  // Index into sta_ array for the currently selected AP configuration (-1 = none selected)
  // Used to access password, manual_ip, priority, EAP settings, and hidden flag
  // int8_t limits to 127 APs (enforced in __init__.py via MAX_WIFI_NETWORKS)
  int8_t selected_sta_index_{-1};
 
#if USE_NETWORK_IPV6
  uint8_t num_ipv6_addresses_{0};
#endif /* USE_NETWORK_IPV6 */
 
  // Group all boolean values together
  bool has_ap_{false};
  bool handled_connected_state_{false};
  bool error_from_callback_{false};
  bool scan_done_{false};
  bool ap_setup_{false};
  bool passive_scan_{false};
  bool has_saved_wifi_settings_{false};
#ifdef USE_WIFI_11KV_SUPPORT
  bool btm_{false};
  bool rrm_{false};
#endif
  bool enable_on_boot_;
  bool got_ipv4_address_{false};
  bool keep_scan_results_{false};
  bool did_scan_this_cycle_{false};
  bool skip_cooldown_next_cycle_{false};
 
  // Pointers at the end (naturally aligned)
  Trigger<> *connect_trigger_{new Trigger<>()};
  Trigger<> *disconnect_trigger_{new Trigger<>()};
 
 private:
  // Stores a pointer to a string literal (static storage duration).
  // ONLY set from Python-generated code with string literals - never dynamic strings.
  const char *use_address_{""};
};
 
extern WiFiComponent *global_wifi_component;  // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-avoid-non-const-global-variables)
 
template<typename... Ts> class WiFiConnectedCondition : public Condition<Ts...> {
 public:
  bool check(const Ts &...x) override { return global_wifi_component->is_connected(); }
};
 
template<typename... Ts> class WiFiEnabledCondition : public Condition<Ts...> {
 public:
  bool check(const Ts &...x) override { return !global_wifi_component->is_disabled(); }
};
 
template<typename... Ts> class WiFiEnableAction : public Action<Ts...> {
 public:
  void play(const Ts &...x) override { global_wifi_component->enable(); }
};
 
template<typename... Ts> class WiFiDisableAction : public Action<Ts...> {
 public:
  void play(const Ts &...x) override { global_wifi_component->disable(); }
};
 
template<typename... Ts> class WiFiConfigureAction : public Action<Ts...>, public Component {
 public:
  TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(std::string, ssid)
  TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(std::string, password)
  TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(bool, save)
  TEMPLATABLE_VALUE(uint32_t, connection_timeout)
 
  void play(const Ts &...x) override {
    auto ssid = this->ssid_.value(x...);
    auto password = this->password_.value(x...);
    // Avoid multiple calls
    if (this->connecting_)
      return;
    // If already connected to the same AP, do nothing
    if (global_wifi_component->wifi_ssid() == ssid) {
      // Callback to notify the user that the connection was successful
      this->connect_trigger_->trigger();
      return;
    }
    // Create a new WiFiAP object with the new SSID and password
    this->new_sta_.set_ssid(ssid);
    this->new_sta_.set_password(password);
    // Save the current STA
    this->old_sta_ = global_wifi_component->get_sta();
    // Disable WiFi
    global_wifi_component->disable();
    // Set the state to connecting
    this->connecting_ = true;
    // Store the new STA so once the WiFi is enabled, it will connect to it
    // This is necessary because the WiFiComponent will raise an error and fallback to the saved STA
    // if trying to connect to a new STA while already connected to another one
    if (this->save_.value(x...)) {
      global_wifi_component->save_wifi_sta(new_sta_.get_ssid(), new_sta_.get_password());
    } else {
      global_wifi_component->set_sta(new_sta_);
    }
    // Enable WiFi
    global_wifi_component->enable();
    // Set timeout for the connection
    this->set_timeout("wifi-connect-timeout", this->connection_timeout_.value(x...), [this, x...]() {
      // If the timeout is reached, stop connecting and revert to the old AP
      global_wifi_component->disable();
      global_wifi_component->save_wifi_sta(old_sta_.get_ssid(), old_sta_.get_password());
      global_wifi_component->enable();
      // Start a timeout for the fallback if the connection to the old AP fails
      this->set_timeout("wifi-fallback-timeout", this->connection_timeout_.value(x...), [this]() {
        this->connecting_ = false;
        this->error_trigger_->trigger();
      });
    });
  }
 
  Trigger<> *get_connect_trigger() const { return this->connect_trigger_; }
  Trigger<> *get_error_trigger() const { return this->error_trigger_; }
 
  void loop() override {
    if (!this->connecting_)
      return;
    if (global_wifi_component->is_connected()) {
      // The WiFi is connected, stop the timeout and reset the connecting flag
      this->cancel_timeout("wifi-connect-timeout");
      this->cancel_timeout("wifi-fallback-timeout");
      this->connecting_ = false;
      if (global_wifi_component->wifi_ssid() == this->new_sta_.get_ssid()) {
        // Callback to notify the user that the connection was successful
        this->connect_trigger_->trigger();
      } else {
        // Callback to notify the user that the connection failed
        this->error_trigger_->trigger();
      }
    }
  }
 
 protected:
  bool connecting_{false};
  WiFiAP new_sta_;
  WiFiAP old_sta_;
  Trigger<> *connect_trigger_{new Trigger<>()};
  Trigger<> *error_trigger_{new Trigger<>()};
};
 
}  // namespace wifi
}  // namespace esphome
#endif